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Tools of Library Organisation

During this module, there appears to be resources available in order to ensure the library is organised and this in part is essential to the library running well. 

The process of cataloging was interesting. Many years ago, when I was working in the library I was shown and particularly enjoyed putting new books into the system. To now see the background information and the how and why we catalogue gives further understanding of the process. 

Investigating the website Trove, I was impressed with the presentation of the search results. I searched the topic ‘family’ and all the results are grouped into their categories, which in turn makes it easier to find what you might be looking for in comparison to Google, which just lists all the results in order. 

I would like to look further into how our school organises digital content. Our current TL only deals with the primary students but how do the secondary students and teachers use and organise this content. Are they left to their own devices, or does each cohort share and organise together? 

It is only Week 4 and I am certainly feeling a little overwhelmed and out of my comfort zone with regards to all this new information. Hopefully this will change and make more sense when I can put what I am learning into practice. 

ETL505 Information Organisation

After completing the first module for this subject it appears that it will roll on nicely from ETL503. This subject will focus on the field of Information Organisation.

One of the first questions that was asked was ‘Why is it necessary for a school library to organise information?’ Without some form of organisation our students and or teachers wouldn’t be able to find the resource that they were looking for. And when we go to put the resource back on the shelf, how would we know where to put it? It would be a total mess and nobody would know where anything was. This would also relate to online resources and having previously learnt about resource lists, this is a great way to keep resources organised whenever a teacher requires it.

The module states that the teacher librarian’s role is “to ensure that appropriate and efficient means of retrieving the information held within the collection are in place and meet user needs” (Rowe, 2022).

After reading chapters 1,2 and 4 of the text, there is lots of descriptions about information resources and in particular ‘metadata’ which is essentially data about data but it is only effective if people understand it and use it.

It was interesting to read how over a period of eight years, the rise of the metadata librarian and the fall of a cataloguing librarian. This may apply in bigger or more commercial libraries where this is predominately their job. A library technician in a school may be involved in more than just cataloguing. I know in our library, they are partially involved in the deciding and purchasing and also the budget. There is also the borrowing and returning of books.

I am always a little apprehensive about the start of a new uni subject but the fact that this one follows on from the subject I completed last semester, it will be rather interesting and may give further information into the role of the teacher librarian.

Rowe, H. (2022). Metadata quality and standards. In Describing and analysing education
resources [ETL505 Modules, Module 3]. Retrieved from Charles Sturt University website: https://interact2.csu.edu.au/webapps/blackboard/execute/displayLearningUnit?course_id=_62877_1&content_id=_5227673_1 

ETL503 – Critical Reflection

How has the subject extended your knowledge and understanding of the role and nature of school library collections?

During the semester, I have gained further knowledge regarding the roles and responsibilities of managing a school library collection. I have become aware that two critical policies exist outlining criteria for selecting library resources. When looking deeper at the library collection, many factors contribute to selecting resources and the importance of readily accessible criteria has become evident. Such a resource allows the teacher librarian to quickly assess whether the resource should be acquired and included in the library. Hughes-Hassell & Mencall (2005) have outlined a table of general selection criteria that I found very helpful when completing assessment one and is something that I could use and implement. Many selection aids – like Scootle, SCIS, library journals and The Australian Children’s Book council can be consulted when selecting resources. In my first blog post for the semester, The School Library Collection (Bolden, 2022, February 23), I touch on the subject of physical books vs ebooks, but when it comes to the library collection, I have found many more issues that relate to the collection. One such issue is Censorship. As a librarian in a Christian school, resources must be evaluated and assessed according to the college policy. It is important to separate personal feelings and opinions when assessing and selecting books and other library resources (Morrisey, 2008). 

 

What is the importance of a collection development policy as a strategic document?

Oberg & Schultz-Jones (2005) explain that a collection development policy is solely the teacher librarians responsibility. This policy outlines the selection and acquisition of resources, cataloguing, classifying, shelving, maintenance, repairs and weeding. And as an extra requirement, at the school I am currently employed, this policy would have to be approved by leadership. As a Library teacher in 2009, with no formal library qualifications, I was aware of only minimal aspects involved in acquiring resources. We would receive a standing orders subscription, or the library manager might purchase resources on sale, however, there was no physical record of suppliers or accounts. I knew how to catalogue resources, but there was no available documentation outlining the selection criteria. Nor was there consistent weeding or regular stocktakes.

In my blog post Collection Acquisition (Bolden, 2022, March 16) I explain my thoughts regarding several aspects to consider. Furthermore, when consulting the manual from the Australian Library and Information Association and Victoria Catholic Teacher Librarians (2017, pg 4), it states that a “well-managed school library provides the foundation for innovation library programs that improve student learning outcomes.” In my blog post titled Collection Development Policy (Bolden, 2022, April 27), I further explain the importance of these two policies concerning the effective functioning of the library. It is vital to understand that these documents explain the process that should be undertaken and followed to ensure the library is functioning and that the curriculum and student outcomes are at the forefront of importance. Without the collection development policy, the procedures outlined would be then open to interpretation. If a new librarian is employed, they would not know the current system utilised, leading to possible changes that do not align with the school’s expectations. When the library has policies and procedures in place, the staff can comprehend and follow what is written, avoiding any grey areas. The teacher-librarian and the library can then function as a resource and information centre in the school.

 

How might a collection development policy assist in future-proofing the collection?

In the blog post The Future of School Libraries (Bolden, 2022, May 4), I wrote about where I saw the library in 10 years, but it is hard to determine what factors will influence the collection and what it might look like. In order to future proof a collection, analysis is necessary to ensure it will guide the continued selection decisions to be made (National Library of New Zealand, n.d). As Johnson, Hille & Reed (2005) explain, it is not about the quality of the collection but rather an analysis of the collection, the use of the collection, and its impact. By conducting an analysis, teacher librarians can determine what is necessary and what resources are not used and make decisions that are best suited to the library moving forward and meeting the goals set out in the collection development policy. As the times and sometimes the curriculum change, the library is required to keep up and continue to have the resources available so teachers can teach the content and students can continue to learn and develop their information skills.

 

What are priorities for your own practice, and how could you promote awareness of collection development issues with school leaders?

As I am not in the role of Teacher Librarian yet, I approached the current Teacher Librarian and spoke with her about our Collection Development policy and Collection Management Policy. Both of these policies are very outdated and have not been updated since she took over many years ago. We have decided that we will work together to ensure there are relevant policies are put in place, not only so they are current, but also available to any new Teacher Librarian. I am hopeful that I will be able to fill that role hence my undertaking of this study to well equip me for what the position entails. In the blog post Teacher Librarians Role and Expertise (Bolden, 2022, March 2) I explained that the library needs to be a team effort and collaboration is needed. More collaboration and awareness are needed throughout my school to highlight a teacher-librarian’s vital role. It may be beneficial to start working together to develop a Collection Management policy to ensure library staff and leadership are all on the same page with the expectations and issues involved in serving the students and school community. These are just some of the aspects I hope to promote awareness and work collaboratively with leadership and other staff members in my school community. 

 

Reference List

Australian Library and Information Association and Victorian Catholic Teacher Librarians. (2017). A manual for developing policies and procedures in Australian school library resource centres. PDF

Bolden, N. (2022). Collection acquisition. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2022/03/16/collection-acquisition/ 

Bolden, N. (2022). Collection development policy. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2022/04/27/collection-development-policy/ 

Bolden, N. (2022). Teacher librarians role and expertise. 

https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2022/03/02/teacher-librarians-role-and-expertise/ 

Bolden, N. (2022). The school library collection. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2022/02/23/the-school-library-collection/

Bolden, N. (2022). The future of school libraries.  https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2022/05/04/the-future-of-school-libraries/ 

Hughes-Hassell, S. & Mancall, J. (2005). Collection management for youth: Responding to the needs of learners. ProQuest Ebook Central. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/csuau/reader.action?docID=289075&ppg=48

Johnson, P., Hille, J. & Reed, A. (2005). Fundamentals of collection development and management. 2nd. Edition. ALA Editions. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/csuau/reader.action?docID=474201&ppg=240 

Morrisey, L.J. (2008). Ethical issues in collection development. Journal of Library Administration 47 (3-4), 163-171. 

National Library of New Zealand, (n.d). Assessing your school library collection. 

Oberg, D. & Schultz-Jones, B. (2015). 4.3.1 Collection management policies and procedures. In IFLA School Library Guidelines.

The Future of School Libraries

Looking ahead to the future, it can be hard to determine what they will be like exactly. 

After watching Blended Library from the University of Konstanz, it was pretty interesting what can be achieved with the incorporation of technology. Would school libraries head in this direction, I’m not sure. Would I like them too, maybe. Maybe it would help the secondary students use the library more than they would. 

Our library collection is like the phoenix stage (Wade, 2005). It is existing and when the current TL leaves, a new one will take over. This will hopefully lead to the incorporation of new organisation and teaching the students new skills. 

In ten years time, I think there will still be library collections. Picture books will still be essential for the lower primary children. Non-fiction books are still essential for students’ learning to research. Research is an important skill to have and if you expect students to complete everything digitally then is that causing more harm than good, especially when it comes to students attending university? My favourite authors are still writing books and publishing them in hard copies, and whilst this might appear as old school, I don’t think they are going to change their ways – so there is always going to need to be a shelf for their books in a library. 

It’s hard to say what factors will determine the future of school library collections. I think the main factor is people’s perception of the library. There is a teacher that has said TL’s do very little work and this is alarming as they don’t understand the role of or utilise the TL to full potential. Will it depend on whether the principal is for or against the library which will determine the budget? How hard is technology going to be pushed into the library environment? Since I am not currently in the role, I am not fully aware of all the factors that relate to the library situation. There are so many variables that it might be a case of we will have to wait and see.

Wade, C. (2005). The school library: phoenix or dodo bird? Educational Horizons, 8(5), 12-14.

HCi Group Konstanz. (2014, August 1). Blended library [Video file].

Collection Development Policy

There seems to be so much to get your head around when it comes to library policies. The two main ones being a development policy which is the responsibility of the teacher librarian and the collection management policy which is more of a collaborative work between the library staff and administration. 

Both are vital in the work that we undertake in the library setting. At BCC, we have parts of the policies but they were written back in 2009 and haven’t been updated since. It appears to be the one document that covers: staffing, daily housekeeping, collection development, budget, cataloguing, processing, circulation, stocktake, donations and copyright. There is also a challenged resource guideline and form that can be filled out and the process taken if that was to arise. The problem faced is that the policy and guidelines currently followed are in the current TL’s head and perhaps she doesn’t have the time to update the policy. My hope is that I can work with the TL and be involved in updating these policies so when she decides to retire, the policies are already in place and can continue to be reviewed and implemented. 

Censorship is another issue that can influence what books are bought and placed on the shelves. It is certainly important to put your own views aside and ensure that topics cover both sides (where possible). I find that primary school topics would be easy to cover, but secondary is where I feel I would struggle – mainly because this is not my area. Collaboration with the secondary teachers would be necessary to ensure the right books and topics are being placed on the shelves and students are able to access them.

Since completing Assignment 1 for ETL503, I really feel that teachers aren’t sure of what is available at the library. Just like we completed for the assignment – one of the aspects I would like to implement is a list of resources that would be good to use for the topics covered in each year level. This would give the teachers better access to the library and the resources available. I know that this would take time but I feel it would be of much benefit.

Copyright

There is so much that was changed and updated since I last looked into copyright. Change and updates are a good thing in moving forward as the rules and regulations can make it easier (hopefully) to follow and apply. 

With the enhancement of technology there are many different licences that cover what we are able to research and present in the classroom. When I was first teaching if we wanted to play a video we were told that it had to be in our planning and then it could be justified that we were able to have the students watch it. Today with the Co-curricular licence we are covered. 

It was always the rule that we could only copy 10%, and whilst this still seems to be a good guideline, there is now a little bit of leeway in that you can copy a little more provided it doesn’t cause harm to the owner. There are certainly more changes with copying in that if a book is out of print or unavailable to buy, you can certainly copy more. 

Something to certainly remember and get into the habit of doing is providing attributions. This is something that all teachers should be encouraged to complete so that if the school gets audited, it may make the process easier. The Smart Copying website is a handy website to refer to when needing to find out information about copyright. 

Creative Commons has changed the way we are able to use images. It is a great way to find an image whilst giving credit to the person who took the image. I was able to use quite a few images for my assignment in ETL501 in 2021, so I was familiar with the process and how to credit the author. This is not something that we would use in Prep to Year 2, but I can see its value in teaching older students how to use this correctly and not having to reinvent the wheel. 

Collection Acquisition

When it comes to the school collection there are many things that need to be considered. 

The budget. No one really likes talking about money but in this case it is a vital part of the library and what we can and can’t do. I found it interesting that you can’t compare two libraries because different payments and items assigned are going to be different for each library. Lamb and Johnson (2012) explain that a teacher librarian has to be a collaborator (works with others), steward (leader and doesn’t spend everything at once) and a thinker (knowing what is available). These are something that I will remember, as being in charge of a budget can be a very daunting task. I am curious if our current teacher librarian conducts an annual report. This seems to be a great way for the school leadership to understand what goes on in the library and where the funds go. It might also help them to realise what a vital part the library plays. 

Again, collaboration is the key when working in the library. I see this as an important part of knowing what resources the teachers need and knowing that the resource will be used. There is nothing worse than spending money on a resource that won’t get used. This is something that needs to be improved in our school. There is currently no collaboration between the TL and teachers and what resources would benefit the work we complete in the classroom. 

When it comes to ordering and suppliers, this process seems to be quite overwhelming and I will need to gain more understanding in the future and even see how it works within the school library. The discussion of physical versus ebooks seems to continue (in a good way) and there is so much to understand especially when it comes to ebooks. It certainly is not an easy decision and my opinion at this stage is you have to go with what works for your library and budget but you must be open to new opportunities. We can always seem to be doing the same thing, just because that is how it always has been.    

I would be keen to know about how our online items are recorded. In the Prep to Year 2 area our online readers and other online programs are managed by our coordinator and I don’t think the library would have any say about this. Is this something that needs to change and should the library be included? I know that we have access to Clickview but they is monitored by the library technician and she works closely with IT. More aspects to think about and investigate.

Lamb, A. & Johnson, H.L. (2012). Program administration: Budget management. The School Library Media Specialist

Teacher Librarians role and expertise

Not only is the teacher librarian in charge of the library space, their role is much wider than that of the classroom teacher. In a previous blog post I explained my thoughts about how a teacher librarian used their time – ETL401

The teacher librarian role contains collaboration with teachers. This should be conducted so that teachers are on the same page and the learning can happen in the classroom and also in the library. The teacher librarian can also inform the teachers of any changes to curriculum (which seems overwhelming and another job to add to the list) and be able to support the teacher. Being up to date with the curriculum and knowing what topics each year level is completing is essential. When a teacher librarian doesn’t know the curriculum then it doesn’t help anyone – they will just complete lessons that involve reading and colouring pictures as part of the lesson (this is what happens in lower primary) and not engage students in the benefits of the library.

The teacher librarian should incorporate ICT, sometimes this doesn’t seem like the librarian’s job, but we must be able to keep up with change and how students learn.  One way that I enjoyed was making a Digital Library Research Guide. Once this is set up, with a few tweeks, it can be used over and over again and I think teachers would appreciate a different platform of learning. 

The collection development seems to be such a big job that is probably another aspect that takes some time and management. As classroom teachers, we can manage a few books needed for general reading or the topic we are learning in Integrated Studies, but a teacher librarian needs to organise and manage this for Prep to Year 12. It is important that the library collection has the correct resources to help teachers and students. 

I really get the sense that the library needs to be a team effort, not just the teacher librarian and the technician, alone tucked away in the library, the role needs to involve more people and be a shared load of support and engagement for the benefit of the students.

The School Library Collection

As I start a new year and a new subject there are many new things I am already learning. 

It was interesting to re-read about the preferences of printed books. Most students prefer a book because they can feel it, there is less eye strain, there are less distractions and they like the smell and experience of reading a physical book (Schaub, 2016). Many students have tablets but don’t actually read books off those devices. I would like to see what the impact of remote learning will have on students in years to come as for lower primary students the only option we had was to read books online during lockdown. I really like the quote from a student in the Copyright Agency Blog post (2017) that they “prefer print books because they look nice on my shelf and you can have them forever – you also don’t need WIFI.” This is so true on many levels – I am so proud of my book collection and my favourite author takes pride of place on the middle shelf. 

Looking into the definition of the library collection proved to be more difficult than I had thought. Searching comes up with lots of policies and frameworks for libraries. It was good to have a look through and I would like to investigate what our own school policy and definition entails. 

Watching the TEDX video (Marshik, 2015) about learning styles has certainly changed my thinking. We shouldn’t put students into boxes and say that they can only learn one particular way. We have to change our teaching to allow them to learn in different ways. If something doesn’t work, try something different – teachers need to be adaptable. 

After reading more about the role of the teacher librarian I am very quick to look at what our teacher librarian does and think that there are certainly aspects I would like to change when I am in the role. Having a ‘team’ or others to help with the collection is a great idea. It can give others opinions rather than just being the one person. This year I purchased my own books for some Big Write topics because I didn’t want to use an online version but I feel these should be in the library for teachers to use and that is something that I would eventually like to further develop. I offered to donate some books to the library but was told “I don’t know where they would fit in the collection” I thought this was a really shocking comment and felt really disappointed that it appeared to be a very controlled collection.

I am looking forward to this subject so that I can learn how to best develop a collection that will best serve the students that we teach and work with teachers to help them teach.  

Copyright Agency. (2017, February 28). Most teens prefer print books [Blog post]. https://www.copyright.com.au/2017/02/teens-prefer-print-books/

Marshik, T. (2015). Learning styles & the importance of critical self-reflection. [YouTube]. https://youtu.be/855Now8h5Rs 

Schaub, M. (2016). 92% of college students prefer print books to e-books, study finds. Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-92-percent-college-students-prefer-paper-over-pixels-20160208-story.html

ETL501 – Critical Reflection

As I reflect on my second semester of learning, researching and completing aspects of the teacher librarian role, I was apprehensive at first, but I recognised the importance that technology has in learning and created a resource to help students develop their skills. 

Technology has become a big part of our lives and is embedded in most aspects of our learning. In my blog post about Search Engines (Bolden, 2021, August 11) and discussion post in Module 3, I explained that I was a little blown away by the fact there are multiple search engines for use on the web. It was interesting to compare the different search engines and encouraging to know there are ones designed for students.  

When I started the process of making a resource for the Year 5/6 students, I felt quite conflicted as Arnolj (2019) explains some elements of website design is to use primary and secondary colours, initially I found this difficult as most templates appear to be black and white until I was able to use a template that allowed me to change the colours. Editorial Staff (2019) explain that a design layout should be simple and usable, meeting your end goal, which in the end was what I was trying to achieve. 

Currently I am working as a classroom teacher, I find it difficult to implement the majority of my learning with regards to the library. Using blogs in the classroom and library (Bolden, 2021, August 18) described ways a blog could be used. This might be a simple way to start next year, when I have a new class, to showcase what has been happening in the classroom, however I will need to keep in mind privacy when posting an image, being professional and encouraging (Magid & Gallagher, 2015). 

After completing ETL401 the guided inquiry unit I created will be implemented into the classroom and library lessons for one of the Integrated Studies units. The digital resource made for the Year 5/6 students could potentially be used next year. In the meantime I will refine my technical skills with resources so they can be adapted when I am in the teacher librarian role. It has been quite enjoyable to design and see all the resources available located in the one place. In another one of my posts Digital Resources (Bolden, 2021, September 16), I outlined how important it is as the TL to be linking the curriculum and the resources together. 

Since I am only at the beginning of my TL journey and not in the role yet, I understand there are still plenty of aspects of the role that I need to learn. In the discussion post for Module 6.1, I outlined what a new teacher librarian should include in an effective information service. One of the aspects is the library website, which I would like to make more effective and usable as a library service. In my blog post Specialist Tools and Services (Bolden, 2021, September, 21) I explain ways that the current website could be changed. Another aspect is knowing how to maintain the library collection. Improving my knowledge of the content covered in years 3/4 and 5/6 would enable me to better combine the curriculum and information literacy skills. These are just some of the aspects where I aim to develop my skills in order to become an effective 21st century teacher librarian.

References

Arnolj, B. (2019). How to design a style guide for websites. UX Collective. https://uxdesign.cc/all-you-need-to-know-about-style-guide-9513ebf50b46

Bolden, N. (2021). Google, Yahoo, Kiddle and Wackysafe.  Module 3

Bolden, N. (2021). Search engines. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2021/08/11/search-engines/ 

Bolden, N. (2021). Using blogs in the classroom and the library. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2021/08/18/using-blogs-in-the-classroom-and-library/ 

Bolden, N. (2021). Digital resources. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2021/09/16/digital-resources/ 

Bolden, N. (2021). Effective information service. Module 6.1

Bolden, N. (2021). Specialist tools and services. https://thinkspace.csu.edu.au/nicoleb/2021/09/21/specialist-tools-and-services/ 

Editorial Staff. (2019). Selecting the perfect WordPress theme – 9 Things you should consider. Wpbeginner. https://www.wpbeginner.com/wp-themes/selecting-the-perfect-theme-for-wordpress/

Magid, L. & Gallagher, K. (2015). The educators guide to social media. Connect safely. https://www.connectsafely.org/eduguide/

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