Module 6 Policy and Practice

Copyright law is different across the globe but the primary premise is to protect creative rights and control how intellectual property is shared. Copyright law in the United States protects authors’ rights 70 years past the date of death. Watermarks in headers control and monitor how files are shared and opened. These laws and policies are restrictive and prohibit the transfer of knowledge.

Copyright supports artists’ profit margin, allowing them to make money and control how their creation is used and shared. However, it limits how and when the public can access information. Google successfully created an online database of literature that is accessible to the public through Web 2.0. The authors objected to the project. but lost the lawsuit, the project was permitted by copyright’s fair use guidelines. Today we have access to a number of books at no cost from any device connected to Web 2.0.

Digital literature is growing in market share and sales over traditional book purchases. Programs such as Overdrive support users’ access to many ebooks. There are many devices that support readers’ use of online reading and ebooks. To combat the ease of sharing, digital lock protects how digital literature is shared, monitored. These locks protect profits and illegally downloading and reading material outside of the policies and procedures.

Similarly, to how a physical book is checked out at a library, even though ebooks are digital there are only a certain number of licences available through online libraries. Each loan is monitored by the loan system, so when the loan period is over the book is automatically returned and loaned to the next individual who has reserved the book. Again, these systems support the author’s profit and creative rights. Ensure each copy of the book is paid for.

Policies and procedures support authors but inhibit sharing and public access to information. Digital rights management (DRM) can restrict content to research and prohibit the transfer of knowledge. When governments fund research the results should be made public. It is ultimately public funding that compensates the authors and researchers to create these materials. Copyright law continue to protect and compensate these writers for their work, even after the public has paid them for their work. I understand the need to monitor and control the use and sharing of information to ensure that authors are compensated for their work. However, what restrictions limit publishers, libraries and e-book vendors.

Module 5 Interactive Authoring Tools

Storytelling can be achieved using a multitude of platforms. Social media, video editing and creation software, writing a letter or orally sharing an experience. These are all methods of authoring or sharing a story. Stories primarily share an experience or tell a perspective of an event to convey knowledge of the author. Stories and narratives function as a communication tool when digitizing stories, they can live on and be shared quickly and easily with others.

When stories are shared on Web 2.0, the audience has the ability to comment, add or question the authors content. This feedback cycle can continue the conversation and communication between author and reader. The interaction between the two deeps and engages both participants.

One of my favourite methods to engage students in creating a story is through stop motion animation. Students deepen their understanding and comprehension of the characters, setting and the sequence of events when they participate in recreating the story using stop motion. I have had students reenact the three little pigs and different Ojibway Legends. Students start by creating the character using plasticine and the background setting either by choosing backgrounds and using a green screen or a diorama styled backdrop. Students really need to consider the physical features of character and setting. Learners critically think about the sequence of events. When the story is complete, students have an artifact that can be shared on Youtube or the class website with parents. Students as storytellers have a strong sense of accomplishment and love to share their work with others.

The curriculum has not yet evolved to include digital tools as a method for demonstrating learning, however, we know that students as digital natives are engaged and excited about using technology. As educators, we need to ensure that students have the opportunity to use digital tools, but we must be mindful of the learning students will require to use them effectively. The concepts of digital citizenship and digital footprint need to underpin the use of all digital tools. Classroom teachers must also model and demonstrate by performing a think-aloud to explain to students how to use digital tools.

 

Module 4 Digital Storytelling

Storytelling can be deeply personal, digital expression of oneself or experience. It communicates to an audience an event, problem or complex situation. Stories are engaging, represent people and evoke emotions. Technology has changed how stories are told. In the past stories were told orally, then through paper and pencil, mass production through a print press and now a story can be shared instantly with the entire world through Web 2.0.

Storytelling provides a voice to those who may not have otherwise had one. Anyone with an internet connection is able to write a story and share it with the world. Digital storytelling provides a medium to share differing points of view, emotions and justification of oneself. Web 2.0 builds social capacity by allowing many points of view to be shared and considered.

Social media, wikis and blogs are common mediums used to communicate stories. Technology allows for images, video and audio to support and enhance a story. Students can document their educational learning journey using an ePortfolio. Programs such as Brightspace Portfolio or Google Drive are great tools for students to keep artifacts of their work. Students can organize photos, videos and documents by naming and tagging work. Students can quickly and easily review previous examples of their work, reflect on their learning or reference prior knowledge. Eportfolio’s can be shared with parents to promote parent engagement and school and home communication. The student has control of what they choose to document and save, they are responsible for their own learning story.

Digital storytelling is a great tool to engage students in literacy. Students learn how to use cameras, video editing equipment, green screen and photograph. These skills support students development of transliteracy skills. Students who are shy to present to the whole class, have an opportunity to create a digital story to share their learning. Students have control over what the audience sees and hears. Students are producers and actors in their learning environment while creating digital stories; this fosters a student centred classroom culture.

I have used WeVideo, Stop Motion Animation, DoInk and Book Creator to support students creating digital literacy in the classroom. My experience has been that most students are engaged in using these platforms to share their learning. I have facilitated lessons where students create book trailers using green screen technology and reenacted an Indigenous Legend using clay and stop motion animation techniques. With both these lessons students worked collaboratively with a group of students where each student had a specific role they needed to fulfill. My favourite digital storytelling moments are when students share their work; they are so proud and enjoy watching their own production, they critique their own work and others.

 

Module 2 Learning and Teaching

Digital literacy, ebooks, interactive books and enhanced books afford classroom teachers new opportunities for instruction that were not available with traditional print books. The different types of digital literature often include huge easy to read font, beautiful graphics and illustrations, engaging narrator, word tagging, music and animation. Students are engaged with technology tools and the kinesthetic opportunities of touch screens to read. Programs, software and online platforms are now available to support these different types of books. Tumble books, Sora, Bookflix, Story Online and Raz Kids are a few that I have used to support instruction in the classroom. Additionally, digital literacy allows for students to discuss a book online outside of the walls of the classroom with students and educators from around the world. This opportunity fosters empathy and supports students awareness of various viewpoints and perspectives.

Digital literacy supports the newest learning theory connectivisim, whereby students are learning by connecting knowledge with others through active participation in Web 2.0. Teachers can support students through the following learning opportunities:

  • social networking through social media platforms
  • uploading students created videos
  • blogging
  • participate in a wiki
  • primary source documents for digital storytelling

Students in our classrooms today are digital natives. Digital media is a vital component of students lives, as they have been reading off screens since their born. It is important for educators to meet students where they are at, teach in a way that meets students learning style and interest. Technology is a tool that supports students learning and should be modelled effectively in the classroom.

 

Module 1 Trends and Developments

Literature has been changing as technology and Web 2.0 evolve. Students have access to literature online as well as print. The way youth are reading today, is very different than in the past. Youth will do more reading on a screen than paper and ink. Technology affords a different experience over printed materials. Readers have the ability to store and read multiple books, stories and multimodal text quickly and easily on a single device with an internet connection.

Storytelling in itself has evolved from oral stories to written tablets and scrolls, to books printed on the printing press and now the digital literacy and stories including audio and video features. Digital literacy allows the reader to construct meaning from words in a non-linear format. Traditional books have a front and back cover and the content is generally read in order and page number sequence. Online reading allows the reader to search for keywords, click a hyperlink to find a definition or learn more about a specific idea.

It is not only important for educators to teach students how to consume information online but also share and participate in Web 2.0. Students need to have opportunities to be creators of knowledge by sharing. As educators, we need to be life long learners to keep up with changes in technology to best support our students.

Here are some ideas to support digital literacy acquisition in the classroom:

  • implement internet research workshop
  • research with both online and offline sources
  • engage students in shared or guided online reading
  • model critical evaluation of sources
  • create an electronic portfolio
  • opportunities to code
  • write using video editing software to create a digital story

Students in classrooms today are accessing both print and digital literacy. How are we as educators supporting students utilizing both print and online content? Do students inherently know and understand the features of print within a textbook that will aid in their study. How do we model to students how to search and find information to support learning on Web 2.0.cDo students know how to critically analyze a website or validate the information being shared? How are we supporting students participation and creation of digital literacy? As educators, we need to be instructing students in these literacy skills to support learning.

 

Assessment 7 Part B: Critical Reflection

The learning I have participated in through the concepts and practices for a digital age course has broadened my perspective to connected learning and consideration of future educational capabilities and environment. My prior knowledge entering the course was limited to a knowing and practicing the 21st-century learning competencies – citizenship, collaboration, communication, creativity, character and critical thinking; however, I didn’t understand how and why they benefited student learning. I observed how collaboration and hands-on learning opportunities for engaged students, but I didn’t know why.

Through engaging with course material and the discussion forums, I have explored and evaluated concepts to build a deeper understanding of student learning. I set a learning goal for myself to learn how to mentor teachers and support their understanding of students learning needs, how technology supports student achievement, develop an understanding of how to foster digital citizenship and digital literacy in the classroom. The digital essay assessment task I completed titled was, “Supporting Elementary Students development of Digital Literacy Skills” and provided me with the opportunity to achieve my learning goal for the course. My digital essay is an artifact that will support my work with classroom teachers integrating digital literacy into their practice.

Prior to reading INF 530 course materials, I understood that students benefited from actively practicing 21st-century competencies in the classroom. Through analyzing course materials and current classroom practice, I made connects on why and how to achieve authentic learning through digital literacy skill development. The purpose of embedding digital technologies is to foster critical thinking skills, knowledge creation and connected learning. Digital literacy is a critical skill to prepare students for their future. I analyzed and evaluated how 21st-century learning skills are directly connected to digital literacy. Linking the depth of how students learn and apply their learning through different tools available. I am equipped to connect digital tools and information behaviour to Bloom’s Taxonomy and learning theory to advocate for digital literacy practices in the classroom.

Applying connected learning skills through the course has demonstrated to me how social learning builds knowledge. I was able to connect and build knowledge from course participants all over the world. Learning from such a broad audience of students provided me with an opportunity to learn from a global perspective, as opposed to learning with my teaching colleagues in Ontario. My education was not limited by geographical barriers, but rather I actively participated in the Twitter feed #INF530, online discussions and corresponded with my peers using online tools and platforms. Students in our classrooms today can access the same learning benefits if we as educators facilitate expanding their learning environment beyond the classroom walls.

Understanding student needs and how they have changed advances pedagogy to engage learners in our classrooms, digital natives. Knowing the needs of digital natives and how to engage them will support future learning environments and problem-based learning opportunities. This new understanding has enlightened me to consider why student engagement in schools is suffering. The current education system in Ontario is not meeting the needs of students, the school board I work for has a huge issue with student absenteeism. I wonder if there is a correlation between student engagement and absenteeism.

Working through module 3, knowledge flow and information environment, a big idea I developed as that “without these literacy skills students won’t be able to navigate the online learning environment.” Web 2.0 is democratizing education, information and knowledge. If students are not learning how to effectively and efficiently use Web 2.0, their future education and employment opportunities will be limited. Digital literacy skills include how to engage responsibly online, find and share information as well as navigate the constant change of the digital environment, these skills are as important as learning reading, writing and arithmetic.

I thoroughly enjoyed the learning I was able to access through the concepts and practices for a digital age course and I know it will support me in my role. My ideas and philosophies of education and student learning have broadened. I have a new excitement of 21st-century learning and a deeper understanding to continue my work in schools.

Cloud Computing and Web 2.0

Cloud computing has eliminated barriers to the learning environment, students have the ability to access their online learning environment from any device anywhere there is an internet connection. Learning is no longer restricted to a physical school building but rather accessible from any device connected to Web 2.0, removing geographic and socioeconomic barriers (O’Brien et al. 2017).

Web 2.0 also provides benefits for teachers, through the use of online learning spaces instructors post and collect assignments, share digital resources and provide real-time feedback to students. Online learning platforms, such as Google Classroom, allow students to work at their own pace and interact with peers online. Learners are able to participate in new conversations, formulate ideas and share higher-order thinking through online interfaces and multimedia platforms (Gogan & Marcus, 2013). Google enables students to collaborate and share resources (Console, 2012). Online discussion can be facilitated through Google Hangouts, co-learning and collaboration of projects can be accomplished through Google Slides and Google Docs.

Cloud computing has influenced society to demand unlimited data storage and demand instant access to data (Wing, 2008). What students may not understand is that participation in Web 2.0 enables personal information to be collected, used or stored. It is the responsibility of those in care and custody of students education to teach and inform them how to participate responsibly in the digital world. There are risks associated with cloud-based computing and connected learning environments, therefore students need to be taught to operate as responsible digital citizens (Goldstein, 2014).

Cloud Computing

References

Cloud Computing. (n.d). Krish Comusoft Services. Retrieved from https://www.kcsitglobal.com/cloud-computing-services 

Conole, G. (2012). Designing for learning in an open world (Vol. 4). Springer. Available as ebook from CSU library. http://www.eblib.com

Gogan, B., & Marcus, A. (2013). Lost in transliteracy. Knowledge Quest, 41(5), 40–45.

Goldstein, J. (2014). Get off my cloud: when privacy laws meet cloud computing. The Conversation. Retrieved from http://theconversation.com/get-off-my-cloud-when-privacy-laws-meet-cloud-computing-21001

HighTechDad. (2008, September 29). Cloud Computing Explained. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QJncFirhjPg&feature=youtu.be

O’Brien, K. L., Forte, M., Mackey, T. P., & Jacobson, T. E. (2017). Metaliteracy as Pedagogical Framework for Learner-Centered Design in Three MOOC Platforms: Connectivist, Coursera and Canvas. Open Praxis, 9(3), 267-286.

RM Education. (2016, November 2). The benefits of cloud computing in educational institutions. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jn0RnfhoiE0&feature=youtu.be

VCU ALT Lab. (2016, February 29). Understanding Connected Learning. Retrieved from https://youtu.be/DTIlQ70NV38

Wing, J. M. (2008). Computational thinking and thinking about computing. Philosophical Transactions: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 366(1881), 3717–3725.